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Thursday, November 11th, 2010
Multiple lines of evidence from laboratory studies suggest that resveratrol, a polyphenolic antioxidant present in grapes, has potent chemopreventive activity. Resveratrol has been reported to inhibit chemically-induced carcinogenesis in mouse skin, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclarified.
Since an abnormally elevated level of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) has been implicated in carcinogenesis, we investigated the effect of resveratrol on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced COX-2 expression in mouse skin. Pretreatment of dorsal skin of female ICR mice with resveratrol inhibited TPA-induced COX-2 expression in a dose dependent manner.
To elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying COX-2 inhibition by resveratrol, we examined its effect on TPA-induced activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and transcription factors which regulate COX-2 expression. Resveratrol pretreatment resulted in a decrease in the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) as well as the catalytic activity of ERK and p38 MAPK.
In addition, resveratrol prevented TPA-induced DNA binding of activator protein-1 (AP-1). Taken together, suppression of COX-2 expression by blocking the activation of MAPKs and AP-1 may represent possible molecular mechanisms responsible for previously reported anti-tumor promoting effects of resveratrol on mouse skin carcinogenesis.
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Thursday, November 11th, 2010
Objectives To evaluate the effects of the anti-inflammatory hydroxystilbene, resveratrol, on Propionibacterium acnes growth.
Methods Three different strains of P. acnes were tested against resveratrol at concentrations between 0 and 200 mg/L. Piceatannol was included as a second hydroxystilbene to compare with resveratrol, and erythromycin and benzoyl peroxide were used as positive controls.
Results After 24 h of treatment with resveratrol, the average 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 73 mg/L and the average 100% inhibitory concentration (IC100) was 187 mg/L for the three strains of P. acnes tested. The IC50 and IC100 of piceatannol were 123 and 234 mg/L, respectively. The highest concentration of resveratrol tested (200 mg/L) was bactericidal, whereas lower concentrations were bacteriostatic.
Conclusions Resveratrol, an anti-inflammatory hydroxystilbene, is capable of inhibiting P. acnes growth.
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Wednesday, October 13th, 2010
A ‘high-potency’ lactic acid bacteria supplement may ease the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in children, says a new study that echoes results from adult studies.
A daily dose of VSL Pharmaceuticals VSL#3 branded probiotic was found to reduce measures of abdominal pain and discomfort and levels of bloating and gassiness, according to findings published in the Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition.
Read more on Nutra Ingredients
Thursday, September 30th, 2010
Long-term, regular use of vitamin E in women 45 years of age and older may help decrease the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by about 10 per cent in both smokers and non-smokers, according to a US study.
The researchers, based at Cornell University and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, presented their findings at the American Thoracic Society International Conference in New Orleans this week and they say their results show that vitamin E could be used as part of a new preventive strategy for COPD in women.
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Monday, September 27th, 2010
Short-term cocoa consumption can significantly lower blood cholesterol, but only in modest quantities and only in those with risk factors for heart diseases, according to a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials by Chinese researchers.
Tuesday, September 21st, 2010
Older adults suffering vitamin D deficiency need higher remedial doses than younger adults, according to a new research review. The study, Correcting poor vitamin D status: Do older adults need higher repletion doses of vitamin D3 than younger adults?, concluded that: “The doses and total time for repleting older adults with vitamin D3 appeared to be greater than for younger adults, in part due to the lower starting baseline vitamin D status.”
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Tuesday, September 7th, 2010
Drinking organic beetroot juice boosts stamina and could help you exercise for up to 15 per cent longer, according to a study published by the UK University of Exeter’s School of Sport and Health Sciences.
Read more on Nutra Ingredients
Sunday, September 5th, 2010
They say sunshine can cheer you up, but insufficient levels of the sunshine vitamin may also increase your risk of developing depression, says a joint study from Italy and the US.
Both men and women over the age of 65 have increased risk of depressive symptoms is they have low
vitamin D levels, with the association stronger in women than men, according to findings published in the
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.
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